Consensus guidelines for the installation of concrete and clay roof tiles. Recently, the National Tile Roofing Manufacturers Association (NTRMA) changed its name to Tile Roofing Institute. The consensus document process included meetings over a period of eighteen (18) years, made up of roofing contractors. Buyer’s Guide to the Best Roof Shingles (2021) April 3, 2020. Your roof is what keeps you protected. It provides you with peace of mind, knowing that you and your family are safe from rain, snow, hail, wind, heat, and cold.

Free Print Chart Of Roof Shingles Installation Process Diagram
Free Print Chart Of Roof Shingles Installation Process Chart
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Free Print Chart Of Roof Shingles Installation Process Diagram

Not many homeowners will venture to shingle their own roof but, for the intrepid do-it-yourselfer, here are some helpful tips, pointers and a basic outline on how to shingle a roof.

Materials needed to Shingle a Roof

Obviously, you’ll need shingles and your local roofing store or big box retailer can help you decide on the best product for your exact needs. You’ll also need some other items whose use we will describe later including the following; conventional and plastic cap roofing nails, roofing paper, flashing, the appropriate plastic or metal vents, and roofing sealant.

Equipment needed to Shingle a Roof

The equipment needed is fairly basic and includes one or more of the following; a hammer, a utility knife with roofing blades, a level, a chalk line, a caulking gun, a ladder and an optional scaffold. While it can be done, no professional roofers will attempt this job without an air-powered roofing nail gun. It is highly recommended.

Preliminaries

Before installing a new roof, the old one must be removed and any structural deficiencies in the sheathing should be repaired or replaced. It is beyond the scope of this tutorial to describe these tasks but both are required before you start the actual shingling process. Further, they are not difficult to accomplish but some experience and the proper tools make the process much easier.

The Process of Installing a Shingle Roof

Installing a shingle roof involves several distinct stages that need to be completed in the proper order so that the roof is water tight and firmly affixed to the sheathing.

Roofing Paper

Once the preliminaries are completed, you can start to install your shingle roof. The first step is to roll out and secure a layer of roofing paper across the entire surface with the plastic cap roofing nails. These nails have a large, usually orange, circular piece of plastic that will help keep the paper in place without tearing.

Start the process at the bottom edge of the roof and be sure to overlap the edges where the paper meets by at least two inches. Also, leave an extra one inch of paper at the bottom and side edges. The next step will tidy up these edges.

Drip Edge

The drip edge is a piece of L-shaped metal that covers the paper and attaches to the side of the eave. It is intended to keep any water from penetrating under the roof and damaging the paper and sheathing. It is simple to install. Just lay it over the roofing paper and nail at one foot intervals. Be sure to overlap these joints as well.

Starter Row

The first row of shingles is installed to ensure a water tight seal at the bottom of the roof. The first row is installed in an inverted manner, that is, with the shingle tabs pointing towards the roof. A second row is laid directly on top of this row staggered by half a shingle and with the tabs pointing towards the bottom edge of the roof.

Once this double layered row of shingles is installed, use it as a baseline to pop a chalk line every ten inches from the bottom of the roof to the top. This will help keep the shingles straight and spaced appropriately in the next stage of the process.

The Main Area

At this point, installing the main area of the roof is rather simple. Be sure to overlap the horizontal joints, stagger the shingles and leave a gap of 1/16” between the shingles. It will be necessary to cut some shingles in half for every other row to accomplish this. In addition, each shingle should be fastened with four roofing nails. The nails should always be placed towards the top of the shingle so that the next course of shingles will completely cover them. Of course, any exhaust vents should be installed prior to installing the shingles themselves.

Ridge and Hip Shingles

The interfaces where different roof surfaces meet are called ridges or hips. Shingles should meet here but not overlap. Instead, a second layer of specially cut shingles will cover this joint and provide an improved appearance to the entire job. Again start at the bottom with a double course and proceed towards the top.

Final Sealing

Now, with an essentially completed shingle roof, it is still necessary to use a caulking gun, spatula or some other tool to apply the roofing sealant around the vents and any joints not covered by ridge or hip shingles.

A Final Note on Roof Safety

Height, heavy materials and powered equipment can be a recipe for disaster so be sure to take your time transporting the materials, using your tools and cleaning the site after the job is completed. A stray nail in someone’s foot can be a terrible end to an otherwise excellent job. Always practice proper job safety. Remember, Safety First!

What you can read next

April 3, 2020

Your roof is what keeps you protected. It provides you with peace of mind, knowing that you and your family are safe from rain, snow, hail, wind, heat, and cold. When it comes to choosing a roofing material, it's critical that you select one that can withstand weather elements and has a long lifespan. Because asphalt shingles can do both and are inexpensive, easy to install, and widely available, they've become the most popular roofing material in the United States.

What are asphalt shingles? Why are they so popular? How can you know which contractor provides the best roof shingles? In this guide, we'll discuss how asphalt shingles are made and compare different roof shingle types and costs to help you choose the best shingles for your home.

What are Asphalt Shingles and How are They Made?

Though you may think that asphalt shingles are made up entirely of asphalt, they're actually made from a variety of raw materials. Every manufacturer will have a unique blend of these materials. Most asphalt shingles are made from limestone that has been crushed into a very fine powder. This powder is then mixed with the asphalt to create a filled coating.

Next, huge mats of fiberglass are fed into a coater where the filled coating is applied. The filled coating is heated to nearly 400 degrees Fahrenheit and added to both the top and bottom of the fiberglass mat. This is what creates the base of the shingle.

To give a shingle its color, texture, and protective coating, granules are added. Granules are made from mined rock that has been crushed. A layer of sand is added to the base of the shingle, which is then fed into a press to embed the granules. To protect against wind and hail damage, the sheet is covered with a strip of sealant. Finally, the mats are cut into individual shingles, bundled, and sent to roofing companies.

Asphalt shingles are available in two primary forms:

Three-tab: These are the most traditional, basic kind of shingles. They typically have a very flat appearance and generally weigh and cost less than dimensional roofing shingles. However, three-tab shingles are decreasing in popularity and have almost completely disappeared.
Dimensional roofing shingles: Most homeowners prefer these types of shingles because they're available in a variety of colors, styles, and textures. Additionally, these shingles are typically thicker and offer more protection.

Lifespan of Shingles

While most asphalt shingles are marketed to last between 25-50 years, some roofs don't last more than 7-10 years. There are a variety of factors that affect the lifespan